Boston

Uninhabitable Conditions — How to Report Them

If your apartment has serious health or safety problems — mold, pests, broken heat, lack of hot water — you have the right to a habitable home. Here is how to document the issues and get them fixed.

Not legal advice. Every statement below links to its primary source. Read the source before relying on this information. If you need legal help, contact your local legal aid organization.
  1. Massachusetts law requires rental housing to meet the State Sanitary Code (105 CMR 410), which sets minimum standards for heat, plumbing, structural integrity, pest control, light, and ventilation. A landlord who fails to maintain these standards is in violation of the law.

  2. Document every problem: take date-stamped photographs and video of each condition (mold, rodent droppings, broken fixtures, standing water). Create a written log with the date you first noticed each problem and any communications with your landlord.

  3. Send a written notice to your landlord describing each condition and requesting repair within a reasonable time. Use email or text so you have a timestamped record. Keep copies of all landlord responses.

  4. File a housing inspection request with Boston 311 (online or by phone). An Inspectional Services inspector will visit and issue a written violation notice if conditions breach the Sanitary Code. Request the inspection report number.

  5. A written violation notice from Inspectional Services strengthens your legal position. It can support rent withholding, repair-and-deduct, or a court order compelling repairs — all remedies available under Massachusetts tenant law.

  6. If conditions are severe (no heat, no water, structural hazard), contact a tenant rights organization or legal aid immediately. In extreme cases a court may order an emergency repair or permit you to terminate your tenancy.